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Festuca subverticillata / Festuca obtusa (Nodding Fescue)

Festuca subverticillata / Festuca obtusa (Nodding Fescue)

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Pure Live Seed

Seed is provided in Pure Live Seed (PLS) unless otherwise stated.

Pure Live Seed (PLS) expresses the viable seed content of a seed lot using its purity and germination or viability test results. It helps you compare seed lots and calculate how much bulk seed is needed to meet a specified PLS planting rate.

PLS weight and bag weight

PLS weight is not the same as the total weight of seed in a bag. For example, a lot with 80% purity and 75% viability contains 60% PLS: 80 × 75 ÷ 100 = 60. Supplying 10 lb PLS from that lot requires about 16.67 lb of bulk seed.

Use the current seed test and the stated basis of the mix specification. Germination calculations may include applicable hard or dormant seed. Seed-count estimates also require the number of seeds per pound; PLS alone does not provide a seed count.

What to check when buying a mix

Check whether each rate is stated in PLS pounds, bulk pounds, or a combination. A mix with both bases should not be described as having an all-PLS total.

PLS does not remove weed seeds or guarantee establishment. Review the seed label and analysis for weed content, and match site preparation, planting conditions and follow-up management to your project.

Sources: USDA NRCS, Understanding Pure Live Seed and The Importance of Seed Quality for Natural Resource Conservation.

Weight Conversions lbs. to oz.

0.01 pounds = 0.16 ounces

  • 0.1 pounds = 1.6 ounces
  • 0.25 pounds  = 4 ounces
  • 0.5 pounds = 8 ounces
  • 0.75 pounds = 12 ounces
  • 1.00 pounds = 16 ounces

Nodding fescue brings a grass form into shade that excludes many prairie grasses. Moisture-retaining woodland soil with decaying organic matter supports its loose tufts.

For Festuca subverticillata, choose partial sun to moderate shade and moist to mesic soil. Recorded habitats include moist to mesic woods, especially sugar maple stands; Small woodland openings and meadows. Reported height: stems 2–3 ft long; may sprawl when flowering.

Growth habit: individual plants or small tufts; often forms loose colonies of sprawling plants. Allow space for this growth between neighboring plants over several seasons, rather than spacing only for the size of a young plant.

Plant specifications & ecological relationships

Key growing facts

Sunlight Partial sun to moderate shade
Soil moisture Moist to mesic
Height Stems 2–3 ft long; may sprawl when flowering
Bloom season Late spring to mid-summer

Native landscape companions

For partial sun / light shade and mesic soil, consider these native plants alongside Festuca subverticillata:

Companion plant Height
Curly-styled Wood Sedge (Carex rosea) 8 to 36 inches
White Snakeroot (Ageratina altissima) About 1½–3 ft
Christmas Fern (Polystichum acrostichoides) 1½–2½ ft
Blue-Stemmed Goldenrod (Solidago caesia) About 1½–3 ft

These landscape suggestions combine overlapping growing needs with documented plant associations. Match soil, seasonal wetness and mature spread to your site. Remnant records are described separately under Plant communities & associates.

Show / hide ▾Growing & planting details
Growth habit Individual plants or small tufts; often forms loose colonies of sprawling plants
Root form Fibrous roots
Soil pH 5.5–7.2
Drought tolerance Low
Salt tolerance None

Plant identification & seed reference

Botanical name Festuca subverticillata
Other common names nodding fescue
Seed germination USDA lists cold stratification as not required; seed-lot response may vary.
Plant family Poaceae
Seeds per pound — reference estimate 400000

Planting, growth & seasonal care

Flowering season: late spring to mid-summer. Use this timing when planning seasonal interest with the other plants in the bed.

Drought tolerance is rated low.

Seed preparation: USDA lists cold stratification as not required; seed-lot response may vary.

Use the selected product option to confirm the supply format and quantity. For a mixed planting, calculate the order from the actual species and layout; a plant’s mature height alone does not determine a seed rate or plug spacing.

Show / hide ▾Plant communities & associates

Illinois woodland and stream communities

Middle Fork Woods, Vermilion County (1999–2002 survey). Recorded in: dry-mesic upland forest — mature second growth; dry-mesic savanna — old growth with canopy closure; dry upland bluff — east-facing river slope; dry upland bluff — west-facing creek slope; dry-mesic upland forest — immature second growth.

Dry-mesic upland forest — mature second growth — selected native associates: Carex pensylvanica, Carex rosea, Carex blanda.

Dry-mesic savanna — old growth with canopy closure — selected native associates: Carex pensylvanica, Bromus pubescens, Phlox divaricata.

These plants share a recorded habitat; they were not necessarily found in the same small plot.

Other documented plant associations

These records connect Festuca subverticillata with other plants named in woodland accounts. Each entry keeps the location and habitat described by its source.

How to read this list: a named association, membership in a sampled forest section, and membership in a regional community type are different kinds of evidence. None guarantees that the plants grew side by side or will be suitable together in every garden. This is the verified catalog-linked portion of the reviewed records, not a complete inventory.

Some supporting accounts describe forests affected by garlic mustard. Only the named native plants are linked here; those accounts are not presented as intact reference communities or recommendations to plant invasive species.

Spring Bay Fen Nature Preserve — wet-mesic floodplain forest

Surveyed in 2007, 2008 and 2011. Wet-mesic floodplain forest recorded separately from the adjoining fen. These dated records do not establish presence today.

Other native plants recorded in this surveyed community: Acer nigrum, Acer saccharinum, Agastache nepetoides, Amorpha fruticosa, Anemone canadensis, Arisaema dracontium, Arisaema triphyllum, Blephilia hirsuta, Carex blanda, Carex emoryi.

Murphy, Phillippe & Ebinger 2021, Appendix 1. Selected associates from the same community; records do not show immediate neighbors or prescribe planting ratios.

Show / hide ▾Native range & C-value

State nativity describes a broad range. Use the Chicago-region assessment for local context; a state listing does not establish county nativity.

Wetland indicator — NWPL 2022 Midwest FACU
C-value — Chicago region, Flora 2017 5
Chicago-region native — Flora 2017 Yes
Native range — U.S. states Alabama; Arkansas; Connecticut; Delaware; Florida; Georgia; Illinois; Indiana; Iowa; Kansas; Kentucky; Louisiana; Maine; Maryland; Michigan; Minnesota; Mississippi; Missouri; Nebraska; New Hampshire; New Jersey; New York; North Carolina; North Dakota; Ohio; Oklahoma; Pennsylvania; Rhode Island; South Carolina; South Dakota; Tennessee; Texas; Vermont; Virginia; West Virginia; Wisconsin
County nativity Not yet verified; occurrence records do not establish nativity.

Regional assessment notes

This taxon is native to parts of the United States. Flora of the Chicago Region (2017) also records this taxon as native in the Chicago region.

These records describe botanical distribution. They do not establish county occurrence or suitability for every site; an unlisted state is not proof of absence.

Show / hide ▾Pollinators & wildlife

Caterpillars recorded on Festuca — genus-level evidence

These records concern the plant genus Festuca, not necessarily Festuca subverticillata. They do not establish a host relationship for every species in the genus, specialist status, or occurrence at your location. The selected insects are listed as native in the source’s North American study area.

Butterfly: Cercyonis oetus (Small Wood-Nymph); Coenonympha tullia (Common Ringlet ); Davidina uhleri (Uhler's Arctic); Erebia callias (Colorado Alpine, Relict Gray Alpine); Erebia pawlowskii (Yellow-Dotted Alpine); Oeneis alberta (Alberta Arctic); Oeneis bore (White-Veined Arctic); Oeneis calais (Calais Arctic); Oeneis polixenes (Polixenes Arctic).

Macromoth: Agrotis ipsilon (Ipsilon Dart, Black Cutworm, Greasy Cutworm); Apamea niveivenosa (Snowy-Veined Apamea); Apamea remissa; Apamea sordens (Bordered Apamea, Rustic Shoulder-Knot); Apamea zeta (Northern Arches [moved common name from Apamea exulis (Lefebvre)]); Cisseps fulvicollis (Yellow-Collared Scape Moth ); Gynaephora groenlandica; Spodoptera frugiperda (Fall Armyworm Moth); Spodoptera ornithogalli (Yellow-Striped Armyworm Moth, Cotton Cutworm).

Micromoth: Acrolophus popeanella (Clemen's Grass Tubeworm); Agriphila straminella; Anerastia lotella; Atalopedes huron (Sachem ); Chrysoteuchia topiarius (Cranberry Girder, Subterranean Webworm, Topiary Grass-Veneer); Crambus perlella (Immaculate Grass-Veneer); Pediasia aridella; Pediasia trisecta (Sod Webworm Moth, Larger Sod Webworm); Tehama bonifatella (Western Lawn Moth, Fawn-Coloured Lawn Moth).

Skipper: Hesperia colorado (Western Branded Skipper); Hesperia comma (Common Banded Skipper); Hesperia lindseyi (Lindsey's Skipper); Hesperia miriamae (Sierra Skipper); Hesperia nevada (Nevada Skipper); Hesperia sassacus (Indian Skipper ); Limochores sonora (Sonora Skipper); Polites draco (Draco Skipper, Rocky Mountain Skipper); Polites mardon (Mardon Skipper); Polites sabuleti (Sandhill Skipper, Saltgrass Skipper, Crunchgrass Skipper); Stinga morrisoni (Morrison's Skipper, Morrison’s Silver Spike).

Show / hide ▾Frequently asked questions

What are the ideal growing conditions for Nodding Fescue?
Light: Partial sun to moderate shade. Soil moisture: Moist to mesic.

How do I germinate and establish Nodding Fescue from seed?
USDA lists cold stratification as not required; seed-lot response may vary.

Is Nodding Fescue deer and herbivore resistant?
Species-specific deer resistance has not been verified here. Even plants described as resistant may be browsed. Use physical protection where deer damage is a concern.

When should I expect Nodding Fescue to bloom?
Typical flowering period: Late spring to mid-summer. Timing varies with location and weather.

Show / hide ▾Sources & ecological notes

Landscape companion selection: Natural Communities compared the growing requirements shown on these species pages with selected source records: Dry-mesic upland forest — mature second growth — East-central Illinois. The shortlist is a planting-design inference. A shared record does not establish adjacency, identical soil requirements, local seed origin, or a tested planting combination. Regional synthesis records retain their documented focal-to-associate scope.

Illinois woodland records: Larimore, Phillippe & Ebinger (2008), Middle Fork Woods flora, Appendix I. © 2008 University of Illinois Board of Trustees, CC BY 4.0. Habitat records transcribed, selected and linked to catalog names by Natural Communities. Survey: 1999–2002.

Native range & ecological ratings: Flora of the Chicago Region (2017), via Universal FQA; USACE Chicago FQA (2017); USACE National Wetland Plant List; Kew WCVP / Plants of the World Online.

Growing conditions & other references: Illinois Wildflowers, John Hilty; USDA Forest Service: Munger — Alliaria petiolata: native plants reported in woodland studies; USDA NRCS PLANTS.

Wildlife records: Shropshire & Tallamy: caterpillar hosts (2025).

Native range does not identify the origin of the seed or plants offered. Community and wildlife records apply to the locations and conditions described.

Research notes & credits

USACE/ERDC fqadata — Chicago Region FQA 2017. Herman, B., Sliwinski, R. & Whitaker, S. (2017), Chicago Region FQA Calculator; distributed by USACE/ERDC in fqadata under CC0. Values may differ from Flora of the Chicago Region (2017). CC0 dedication. Retained for comparison; the displayed C-value follows Flora database 80.

U.S. state nativity: World Checklist of Vascular Plants, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 4 June 2026 release, under Festuca subverticillata. © The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; CC BY 3.0. Native records selected; introduced, doubtful and extinct records excluded. Kew cannot warrant the quality or accuracy of these data; no endorsement is implied. State nativity is separate from Chicago-region nativity, county occurrence and the origin of nursery stock.

Additional reference: Open Database License 1.0.

Flora rating attribution: Kenneth Johnson (2018), Flora of the Chicago Region UFQA Database, following Gerould Wilhelm and Laura Rericha (2017), Flora of the Chicago Region: A Floristic and Ecological Synthesis. Individual rating facts are presented with original commentary; the calculator’s software license is not treated as a license for the underlying Flora publication.

Data adapted from Shropshire, K.J. & Tallamy, D.W. (2025), Lepidoptera of North America, north of Mexico, supplementary material 1. This selected and reformatted host dataset is available under the Open Database License 1.0. No endorsement implied.

Genus-level research records

These records concern the plant genus. They do not establish that each insect feeds on this particular plant species.

Record ID Scientific insect name Common name Source group Plant genus
202620 Cercyonis oetus Small Wood-Nymph butterfly Festuca
203123 Coenonympha tullia Common Ringlet butterfly Festuca
203842 Davidina uhleri Uhler's Arctic butterfly Festuca
204896 Erebia callias Colorado Alpine, Relict Gray Alpine butterfly Festuca
204906 Erebia pawlowskii Yellow-Dotted Alpine butterfly Festuca
208905 Oeneis alberta Alberta Arctic butterfly Festuca
208907 Oeneis bore White-Veined Arctic butterfly Festuca
208908 Oeneis calais Calais Arctic butterfly Festuca
208915 Oeneis polixenes Polixenes Arctic butterfly Festuca
200590 Agrotis ipsilon Ipsilon Dart, Black Cutworm, Greasy Cutworm macromoth Festuca
201122 Apamea niveivenosa Snowy-Veined Apamea macromoth Festuca
201129 Apamea remissa macromoth Festuca
201136 Apamea sordens Bordered Apamea, Rustic Shoulder-Knot macromoth Festuca
201147 Apamea zeta Northern Arches [moved common name from Apamea exulis (Lefebvre)] macromoth Festuca
202983 Cisseps fulvicollis Yellow-Collared Scape Moth macromoth Festuca
206542 Gynaephora groenlandica macromoth Festuca
211673 Spodoptera frugiperda Fall Armyworm Moth macromoth Festuca
211676 Spodoptera ornithogalli Yellow-Striped Armyworm Moth, Cotton Cutworm macromoth Festuca
200260 Acrolophus popeanella Clemen's Grass Tubeworm micromoth Festuca
200574 Agriphila straminella micromoth Festuca
200897 Anerastia lotella micromoth Festuca
201626 Atalopedes huron Sachem micromoth Festuca
202972 Chrysoteuchia topiarius Cranberry Girder, Subterranean Webworm, Topiary Grass-Veneer micromoth Festuca
203580 Crambus perlella Immaculate Grass-Veneer micromoth Festuca
209525 Pediasia aridella micromoth Festuca
209530 Pediasia trisecta Sod Webworm Moth, Larger Sod Webworm micromoth Festuca
212335 Tehama bonifatella Western Lawn Moth, Fawn-Coloured Lawn Moth micromoth Festuca
206852 Hesperia colorado Western Branded Skipper skipper Festuca
206854 Hesperia comma Common Banded Skipper skipper Festuca
206858 Hesperia lindseyi Lindsey's Skipper skipper Festuca
206861 Hesperia miriamae Sierra Skipper skipper Festuca
206862 Hesperia nevada Nevada Skipper skipper Festuca
206865 Hesperia sassacus Indian Skipper skipper Festuca
207763 Limochores sonora Sonora Skipper skipper Festuca
210315 Polites draco Draco Skipper, Rocky Mountain Skipper skipper Festuca
210317 Polites mardon Mardon Skipper skipper Festuca
210320 Polites sabuleti Sandhill Skipper, Saltgrass Skipper, Crunchgrass Skipper skipper Festuca
211876 Stinga morrisoni Morrison's Skipper, Morrison’s Silver Spike skipper Festuca

Growing guidance: Illinois Extension — Keeping deer out of the yard and garden. Selected facts in original wording. General deer advice is not a species resistance rating.

Additional community records: Murphy, Phillippe & Ebinger (2021), Spring Bay Fen flora and vegetation. Selected facts and taxonomic links; source spellings and historical survey dates retained.

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