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Opuntia humifusa (Eastern Prickly Pear)

Opuntia humifusa (Eastern Prickly Pear)

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Eastern prickly pear is listed under the legacy name Opuntia humifusa. The supplied cactus needs identification within that species complex before a Chicago-region rating can be given.

The identity and growing details shown here are the basis for choosing Opuntia humifusa. Compare the verified information with your site before settling the planting location, especially when a related species has a different regional range or preferred habitat.

Plant specifications

Show / hide ▾Growing & planting details

Plant identification & seed reference

Botanical name Opuntia humifusa

Planting, growth & seasonal care

Plan care around the conditions recorded for Opuntia humifusa. Observe the planting as it develops, especially where soil moisture changes across the bed or neighboring vegetation becomes denser.

Use the selected product option to confirm the supply format and quantity. For a mixed planting, calculate the order from the actual species and layout; a plant’s mature height alone does not determine a seed rate or plug spacing.

Show / hide ▾Plant communities & associatesNo verified list yet

A species-level list has not yet been verified for this listing.

Show / hide ▾Native range & C-value

GRIN uses the traditional eastern prickly-pear treatment. These states describe that broad source concept; the exact member of the humifusa complex supplied under this listing remains unconfirmed.

State nativity describes a broad range. Use the Chicago-region assessment for local context; a state listing does not establish county nativity.

C-value* — Corps Chicago 2017 assessment 5
Native range — U.S. states Native states under the broad GRIN treatment: Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin.
County nativity Not yet verified; occurrence records do not establish nativity.
Show / hide ▾Pollinators & wildlife

Pollen-host records for Opuntia — genus-level evidence

The literature subset published with Smith and colleagues’ study reports pollen-host use of Opuntia by Megachile anograe. These records do not establish use of every plant species in this genus or occurrence in the Chicago region. No specialist classification is inferred here.

Caterpillars recorded on Opuntia — genus-level evidence

These records concern the plant genus Opuntia, not necessarily Opuntia humifusa. They do not establish a host relationship for every species in the genus, specialist status, or occurrence at your location. The selected insects are listed as native in the source’s North American study area.

Macromoth: Automeris cecrops; Euscirrhopterus cosyra (Staghorn Cholla Moth); Euxoa auxiliaris (Army Cut-Worm, Army Cutworm).

Micromoth: Cactobrosis fernaldialis; Dicymolomia julianalis (Julia's Dicymolomia); Dicymolomia opuntialis; Dyotopasta yumaella; Erelieva quantulella; Eurythmia hospitella; Homoeosoma electella (Sunflower Moth); Loxomorpha cambogialis; Loxomorpha flavidissimalis; Marmara opuntiella (X ); Melitara apicigrammella; Melitara dentata; Melitara doddalis; Melitara junctolineella; Melitara prodenialis (Eastern Cactus-Boring Moth, Eastern Blue Cactus Borer); Melitara subumbrella; Melitara texana; Menesta tortriciformella; Ozamia clarefacta; Ozamia fuscomaculella; Ozamia lucidalis; Ozamia thalassophila; Pseudoschinia elautalis; Scythris mixaula; Sosipatra anthophila.

Show / hide ▾Frequently asked questions

Is Eastern Prickly Pear deer and herbivore resistant?
Species-specific deer resistance has not been verified here. Even plants described as resistant may be browsed. Use physical protection where deer damage is a concern.

Show / hide ▾Sources & ecological notes

Native range & ecological ratings: USACE Chicago FQA (2017).

Wildlife records: Smith et al.: pollen-host records (2025); Shropshire & Tallamy: caterpillar hosts (2025).

Native range does not identify the origin of the seed or plants offered. Community and wildlife records apply to the locations and conditions described.

Research notes & credits

USACE/ERDC fqadata — Chicago Region FQA 2017. Herman, B., Sliwinski, R. & Whitaker, S. (2017), Chicago Region FQA Calculator; distributed by USACE/ERDC in fqadata under CC0. Values may differ from Flora of the Chicago Region (2017). CC0 dedication.

Smith et al. (2025) — pollen-host literature dataset. Smith, C., Bachelder, N., Russell, A.L., Morales, V., Mosher, A.R. & Seltmann, K.C. (2025), Oecologia 207:13, DOI 10.1007/s00442-024-05653-5. Data release 14757220, CC BY 4.0; selected genus-level pollen-host records from russell_formatted-15Aug2024.csv summarized. Family records and model predictions excluded; no endorsement implied. CC BY 4.0.

Additional reference: Open Database License 1.0.

Data adapted from Shropshire, K.J. & Tallamy, D.W. (2025), Lepidoptera of North America, north of Mexico, supplementary material 1. This selected and reformatted host dataset is available under the Open Database License 1.0. No endorsement implied.

Genus-level research records

These records concern the plant genus. They do not establish that each insect feeds on this particular plant species.

Record ID Scientific insect name Common name Source group Plant genus
201680 Automeris cecrops macromoth Opuntia
205668 Euscirrhopterus cosyra Staghorn Cholla Moth macromoth Opuntia
205694 Euxoa auxiliaris Army Cut-Worm, Army Cutworm macromoth Opuntia
202047 Cactobrosis fernaldialis micromoth Opuntia
204102 Dicymolomia julianalis Julia's Dicymolomia micromoth Opuntia
204106 Dicymolomia opuntialis micromoth Opuntia
204323 Dyotopasta yumaella micromoth Opuntia
204913 Erelieva quantulella micromoth Opuntia
205645 Eurythmia hospitella micromoth Opuntia
206950 Homoeosoma electella Sunflower Moth micromoth Opuntia
207922 Loxomorpha cambogialis micromoth Opuntia
207923 Loxomorpha flavidissimalis micromoth Opuntia
208164 Marmara opuntiella X micromoth Opuntia
208261 Melitara apicigrammella micromoth Opuntia
208262 Melitara dentata micromoth Opuntia
208263 Melitara doddalis micromoth Opuntia
208264 Melitara junctolineella micromoth Opuntia
208265 Melitara prodenialis Eastern Cactus-Boring Moth, Eastern Blue Cactus Borer micromoth Opuntia
208266 Melitara subumbrella micromoth Opuntia
208267 Melitara texana micromoth Opuntia
208273 Menesta tortriciformella micromoth Opuntia
209158 Ozamia clarefacta micromoth Opuntia
209159 Ozamia fuscomaculella micromoth Opuntia
209160 Ozamia lucidalis micromoth Opuntia
209161 Ozamia thalassophila micromoth Opuntia
210687 Pseudoschinia elautalis micromoth Opuntia
211440 Scythris mixaula micromoth Opuntia
211569 Sosipatra anthophila micromoth Opuntia

Earlier taxonomic comparison: retained taxon source. The current state treatment is described below.

State-range sources: USDA ARS GRIN-Taxonomy — Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf.. GRIN uses the traditional eastern prickly-pear treatment. These states describe that broad source concept; the exact member of the humifusa complex supplied under this listing remains unconfirmed.

Parts-of-state qualifications in the source: Iowa (e.); Kansas (e.); Oklahoma (e.).

Selected USDA ARS GRIN-Taxonomy facts, accessed through the Plant Gene Bank GRIN-Global mirror on 12 September 2026. These accounts retain older taxonomic treatments; access date does not indicate a new taxonomic revision.

Growing guidance: Illinois Extension — Keeping deer out of the yard and garden. Selected facts in original wording. General deer advice is not a species resistance rating.

* USACE Chicago Region FQA (2017), fallback assessment. Retained audited fallback; species complex/rank limit applies. This value is not presented as a Flora of the Chicago Region rating.

Plant Shipping & Care

We want to ensure that our customers get what they want, a native backyard oasis. To do that, we need to follow a few simple guidelines and give you some information and pointers to make sure you get your plants delivered in a healthy state.

As a reminder, you will receive an email to confirm your pickup or shipping window just before the plants are ready. See Order Fulfillment below for seasonal fulfillment windows.

 

Choices to Receive Your Plants & Accessories

  • Website orders: Seed, plugs and bare-root plants offered for shipping are shipped to your address. Shipping charges are calculated at checkout.
  • Container trees and shrubs: Some #3 and #5 container options are offered for scheduled pickup only. Check the selected product option and the cart pickup instructions before ordering. Pickup and shipped items require separate orders where indicated in the cart.
  • Wholesale orders: Delivery and pickup are arranged separately according to the order, supplier yard and location. Wholesale pickup is free.
  • Pickup locations and dates are confirmed by email. Please wait for confirmation before traveling to a pickup site. Our offices are not retail stores or nursery pickup locations.

 

Order Fulfilment - When Your Plants or Other Items Will Be Ready

We take orders all year long and seed is shipped all year, but we only provide the plants to you in certain fulfillment windows to ensure healthy plants.

Wholesale Orders

  • Shipped or are Ready For Pick Up As Requested.

 

Retail & Website Orders

  • Seed Typically Ships Out Within One Week Of Order All Year Long
  • Typically, single species flats ship when ready, sometimes as soon as early to mid-April (depends on weather) through early-October.
  • Mixed species kits are batched and shipped as indicated on the product page.
  • If a plant order is placed while outside of the plant fulfillment window your plants will be reserved through your payment, however, the order will not be fulfilled and shipped until the following spring. We don't want to provide you plants when they won't be happy during the cold winter months. 
  • Early in the spring and later in the fall certain species may be dormant or partially dormant with brown leaves, however they will return to grow healthy next growing season.
  • Your order may arrive in several different shipments.
  • If certain plants within an order will not be available until a later date, we may choose to hold the full order until all are ready.  In certain circumstances, we may choose to send them in two separate shipments 
  • Fulfillment is always dependent upon plant availability.  We try our best but sometimes plants do not overwinter well and perish.  If a plant is on back order you will receive an email indicating the estimated shipping date.  If we can not provide the plant we will first notify you and give you an option of substitution or a refund of that individual species.
  • Plants are typically only packaged and shipped on Mondays to ensure they do not sit in the harsh delivery facility for extended periods of time over the weekend. You will receive a confirmation email once your delivery has been shipped and to estimate your delivery date.
  • Apparel & accessories are ready typically within one to two weeks. See product page for holiday shipping.

Where We Ship

 

 

        What to Expect When Receiving Your Delivery

        • Your plants will be packaged with the utmost care
        • We will need to cut back certain plants prior to shipping. This seems counter-intuitive, however, the fewer leaves the less water the plants can lose during shipping, resulting in healthier plants for you. This also enables the plants to fit within the protective packaging and shipped safely.

         

           Shipments

          • Larger plant shipments will look similar to the picture below with a tray of your plants and a cardboard box to protect them during shipping.

           

           

          What to Do With Your Plants After  Receiving Your Delivery

          • Unpack your order IMMEDIATELY
          • Inspect for damage and report any issues immediately to Natives@NaturalCommunities.net
          • Water your plants
          • Install your plants as quickly as possible and water the entire garden area thoroughly
          • If you cannot install your plants immediately
            • Some plants may not be in a container, put them into some kind of a container such as a paper cup with loose soil until installation
            • Make sure each plant is receiving the appropriate amount of light.
            • Continue to water daily each morning and possibly again in the afternoon
            • No additional fertilizer is needed
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